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Capabilities / Data Centers

Data Centers

Crucial to the modern digital economy.

Data centers power the digital services that, in turn, power virtually all industries today. Our multidisciplinary team provides comprehensive legal solutions for the development, financing, and operation of those critical data centers.

The demand for data centers, fueled by the growth in AI and cloud computing, has exploded in recent years. That move has brought with it business and legal challenges, from land acquisition to community opposition to power and grid constraints.  

Husch Blackwell’s team has tackled all the issues data center projects face. We routinely advise on large, high-profile projects and have represented all key stakeholders, including data center developers, hyperscalers, investors, lessee end-users, contractors, and energy companies. This experience has given us a comprehensive understanding of project risks—whether regulatory, political, financial, or operational—and the strategies needed to achieve client goals.

Real Estate and Land Use

Our team is backed by a national real estate practice that provides a full suite of services including land acquisition, leasing, land use and zoning, and permitting. Our deep relationships at the local and state level across our national footprint are an asset in guiding clients from early-stage development through the management of ongoing real estate risks. As projects progress to the design/build stage, we have experience representing both project owners and contractors in the various design and construction agreements at play.

Contracts and Licenses

At the heart of data center operations is a stack of complex, interlocking agreements. Our team is adept at drafting and negotiating the full suite of contracts. We handle leases, use licenses, colocation agreements, hosting agreements, outsourcing agreements, fiber access agreements, fiber ring agreements, indefeasible rights of use agreements (IRU), and power purchase agreements (PPAs), among others. We also counsel clients on vendor contracts related to data security.

Project Finance

Clients rely on our finance team to provide advice at all phases of data center development and operation. We are experienced lender and borrower counsel and counsel clients on traditional financing vehicles, including construction loans, terms loans, revolvers, and mezzanine debt, as well as financing related to public-private partnership agreements (P3s), hybrid P3 procurements, and cash equity transactions.

Tax Strategy and Incentives

Husch Blackwell provides sophisticated tax counsel for data center development, helping clients navigate the full landscape of federal, state, and local tax considerations. We structure transactions and ownership models to maximize depreciation opportunities, reduce liabilities across jurisdictions, and ensure compliance with evolving tax regulations. Our team regularly negotiates property tax abatements, sales and use tax exemptions on equipment, utility tax reductions, and PILOT agreements, and develops strategies to monetize available credits.

Our Development Incentives & Tax Credits team helps clients access the full spectrum of incentives used to support data center projects nationwide. We identify and layer multiple programs—including investment tax credits for energy-efficient and renewable installations, historic and brownfield tax credits, new markets tax credits (NMTC), tax increment financing (TIF), community improvement districts (CID), and transportation development districts (TDD)—to strengthen project economics.

Environmental

Husch Blackwell provides environmental guidance on data center projects throughout the country, guiding clients through due diligence, site assessments, and contamination evaluations and remediation strategies to mitigate risk before acquisition. We navigate federal and state permitting for air, water, and waste management, including NEPA requirements when applicable. We also assist with assessments and studies that may affect development timelines. We advise on remediation strategies, regulatory negotiations, and, if necessary, enforcement actions. Our work allows data center developers to advance their projects while effectively managing environmental risks and responsibilities.

Energy Regulatory, Structuring, and Offtake

Husch Blackwell advises data center developers long-term owners on the full spectrum of energy regulatory and procurement issues critical to reliable and cost-effective operations. We structure and negotiate PPAs and other offtake arrangements with independent power producers, ensuring favorable pricing, capacity terms, and risk allocation. Our team also supports renewable energy procurement strategies that advance sustainability and ESG objectives.

We help clients navigate federal and state energy regulation, including FERC compliance and public utility commission proceedings. Our attorneys guide projects through large-load utility interconnection requirements, permitting for supporting energy infrastructure, and structuring favorable utility rate agreements tailored to high-demand data center loads. We also advise on opportunities to integrate energy tax incentives and renewable generation assets into project structures.

With experience across traditional and renewable energy markets, Husch Blackwell delivers solutions that balance regulatory demands, operational resilience, and long-term cost efficiency, providing data center projects with the power strategies needed to grow in an increasingly complex energy landscape.

Corporate Transactions

Our team serves as lead counsel on data center-related transactions, including acquisitions and dispositions, joint ventures, and sale/leaseback transactions. We also counsel clients in connection with foreign investment in U.S. data centers. Our transaction team includes experts in data security, supply chain, and other relevant areas.

Case Study
Microsoft Corporation

Our team assisted Microsoft in the construction of a $1 billion data center on a 315-acre parcel of land in Wisconsin.

Case Study
Netrality Properties, LP

Our team ensured the issuance of $56 million in bonds for the development and renovation of an important client site.

Representative Experience

  • Assisted Crusoe Energy Systems in reaching financial close in the second phase of a $15B joint venture with Blue Owl Capital and Primary Digital Infrastructure to fund the 1.2-gigawatt AI data center in Abilene, Texas.
  • Represented client in the development of a high-end, waterless-cooled, 26MW, approximately 125,000 SF data center on 50+ acres in Kansas City located within a levee protected area. While the intent had been to secure permits without assistance of local counsel, difficulties arose due to the authorities of the Levee District and its interaction with the City. Husch Blackwell was then brought in to coordinate with the Levee District and facilitate the approval process. We secured the necessary approval of the Levee District and the development plan and preliminary plat, which includes land use and public approvals, from the City of Kansas City. The company guarantees “net zero digital infrastructure,” and its data center has a PUE of 1.15 even in the “hottest climates.”
  • Represented client in the development of an $8.2 billion multifacility data center and technology campus. Handled land use and public approvals as well as negotiated incentives package.
  • Represent client in the development of a data center located near existing solar energy generating facilities.
  • Represent client in data center transaction for existing operating wind project.
  • Represented renewable generator on regulatory matters related to interconnecting 200 MW data center retail loads co-located at its wind generation resource in ERCOT.
  • Represented client in the redevelopment of a building for a high-speed data center for companies that rely on high-speed data transmission. Worked with the state and city to successfully requalify the site for public financing.
  • Representing data center developer on regulatory matters related to interconnecting more than 2 GW of retail load co-located at existing and new solar and wind generating facilities in ERCOT.
  • Represented a renewable energy and data center developer in the joint venture and funding of a hyperscale data center in Remington, Virginia.
  • Representing developer to interconnect 1.8GW of new renewable generation co-located with 1.8GW of new data center load in electric cooperative service area in ERCOT.
  • Representing client on regulatory matters related to development of new 1.2 GW gas-fired generation resource interconnecting with co-located 1.2 GW data center load in ERCOT.
  • Advise clients regarding FERC regulatory issues in connection with development of structural plans for co-location of data centers with existing resources in MISO and SPP.
  • Advise on RTO/ISO interconnection rules for large loads and co-located loads with existing generation.
  • Advise on Public Utility Holding Company Act requirements for maintaining Exempt Wholesale Generator (EWG) status in connection with large loads co-located with existing EWGs.
  • Advise on Federal Power Act Section 203 requirements for entering into shared facilities agreements.
  • Represent clients in FERC proceedings regarding co-location policy development and assist with formal comments and speaker presentations.
  • Advise clients on generator interconnection agreement (GIA) amendments needed to accommodate co-location of new load at existing generation sites and potential filing requirements for amended GIAs.
  • Handled environmental compliance issues that arose during the siting of a Missouri data center for a major online retailer.
  • Led environmental due diligence for $1.3B acquisition for Singapore-based real estate investment trust consisting of 29 data centers across 18 U.S. states. Environmental matters and complex environmental insurance were a major driving force in the acquisition.
  • Assisted a client in standing up a bitcoin mining operation, negotiating agreements for acquisition of bitcoin mining equipment.
  • Negotiated, drafted, and reviewed data center, hosting, co-location, and SaaS agreements as well as related service level agreements and software escrow arrangements.
  • Handled supply chain and procurement related matters for data centers and hosting companies.
  • Represented software developers in their utilization of data center hosting.
  • Representing borrower in data center financing transaction.
  • Represented client in local government affairs matter related to a data center stakeholder.
  • Represented major multinational technology conglomerate in tax appeal for large data center, decreasing taxes owed from $1.1 billion to $850 million.
  • Assisted client in navigating Minnesota state data center tax credit and city/county property tax abatement process.
  • Counsel to developer on complex data center development and energy infrastructure strategy, including land acquisition, entitlement, and regulatory structuring for hyperscale and merchant-powered campuses. Advised developer on structuring brokerage rights and volumetric energy monetization under PUCT regulations, including negotiation of NDAs, LOIs, and joint development terms for data center projects in Texas.
  • Represent data center developer, operator, and owner in the operation and expansion of its colocation facility, advising on license agreements, meet-me-room access, and interconnection infrastructure. Draft and negotiate carrier-neutral licensing terms, coordinate with telecom providers on cross-connect rights, and ensure compliance with local regulatory and utility requirements. Provide strategic counsel on tenant onboarding, risk allocation, and operational continuity for mission-critical data center environments.
  • Assisted Galaxy Digital in reaching financial close of a $1.4 billion project financing facility to support the continued development of its Helios data center campus in West Texas.